Duress and Void Contracts

Panic Passwords: Authenticating under Duress

Panic passwords allow a user to signal duress during authentication. We show that the well-known model of giving a user two passwords, a ‘regular’ and a ‘panic’ password, is susceptible to iteration and forced-randomization attacks, and is secure only within a very narrow threat model. We expand this threat model significantly, making explicit assumptions and tracking four parameters. We also i...

Brainwave Authentication Method with Duress Detection

Brainwave authentication has been researched for over a decade, yet it is not readily available to be used in practical access control systems. In this paper a new duress detection functionality using brainwave is proposed. Existing duress detection methods involve concatenating a duress code to pass a covert message about the situation. Such methods help the user to alert authorities without b...

Duress and contraceptive sterilization: a reply to Prof. Thomas Kopfensteiner.

"Under severe duress": health care in Iraq.

More than 13 years after the US-led occupation of Iraq in March, 2003, observers there say its health-care system is now in a far worse condition than in the de scription given by Clare Short, the then-UK Development Secretary, 7 weeks before the occupation. “Hospitals, clinics, sanitation facil ities, and water treatment plants suff er from a terrible lack of main tenance”, Short explained to ...

Void Scaling and Void Profiles in CDM Models

Received ABSTRACT An analysis of voids using cosmological N-body simulations of cold dark matter (CDM) models is presented. It employs a robust statistics of voids, that was recently applied to discriminate between data from the Las Campanas Redshift Survey (LCRS) and different cosmological models. Here we extend the analysis to 3D and show that typical void sizes D in the simulated galaxy samp...